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Precision flow valves selection for our CO2 pressurized system

30K views 63 replies 15 participants last post by  MiamiJim  
#1 · (Edited)
Precision Metering valve, needle valve and flow control/controller

This is a new info thread, the old thread started in 2011, I have stopped adding info since 2014, six year passed.

The old metering valve selection thread

--Metering valve:
Most are high precision flow rate control valves, they are easy to adjust low flow rate and prevent/limit unexpected flow rate purge caused by the regulator output pressure fluctuation/drop.

--Low flow control flowmeters:
control and monitor actual steady co2 flow rate. These flowmeters often can be found equipped with high precision flow control valves. No bubble counter needed. Check Brooks, Porter, Aalborg, and Matheson valves below.

* Cv value. There is a math/formula to calculate the CV value for metering valves. For our co2 pressurized system, a metering valve that can handle the gas flow CV rate down to approximately 0.00025(output pressure 40psi, back pressure 25psi, at 15sccm), is within the precision range.
The CV value of different metering valves on this thread, are "max", so to see if within the 0.00025 range, check their official .pdf for CV vs. Turn chart.

*Why 15 SCCM?
Typical flow rate for a 5lb co2 cylinder/tank, on a 6 month, 8 hours a day usage.
5lb co2 tank X 243 liter/LB X 1/6month X 1month/30days X 1day/8hours X 1hour/60minutes = 14sccm(or 14ml/minute)

* Optimal co2 output pressure
The best output pressure setting for easy co2 flow control/adjustment on a high precision metering valve, is approximately regulator output pressure equals 1 and 1/2 of back pressure.
Back pressure--The pressure down range of a metering valve(Normally the working pressure of a diffuser plus check valve holding pressure).

Pneumadyne (Pneumatic Control System), made in UK
[STRIKE]700 series needle valve[/STRIKE], Part number: C070301/C070501/C070601,
Orifice: N/A
Cv: 0.09 (at 12 turn full open)
This valve is not a precision control valve.

Clippard
MNV-3/4 series needle valve, part number MNV-3* , MNV-4*
Orifice: 0.07"(MNV-3), 0.067"(MNV-4)
Cv: N/A (at 4 turn SCFM is 1, Cv is under 0.03 before 4 turns, after 4 turns, Cv spike)
This valve is not a precision control valve.

SMC
AS1000 Series needle valve, Part number AS120?-*
Orifice: N/A
Cv: N/A
This valve is not a precision control valve.

Ideal valve
52(brass)/54(stainless steel)--1 series, Part number 52-1-, 54-1-
Orifice: 0.0313"
Cv: 0.019 (at 20 turn, 22-24 turn full open, approximate Cv 0.008 -0.009 at 10 turn)
52(brass)/54(stainless steel)--2 series, Part number 52-2-, 54-2-
Orifice: 0.0625"
Cv: 0.082 (at 20 turn, 22-24 turn full open)

Fabco-air
NV55/FC55 needle valve, Part number NV-55, NV-55-18, FC-55
Orifice: N/A
Cv: N/A

Swagelok precision metering valve,
S series high precision metering valve, Part number SS(B)-SS* , SS(B)-SM*
Orifice: 0.032"
Cv: 0.004 (at 10 turn full open)
double pattern, dual handles
Cv: 0.001 ( at 10 turn full open)
M series metering valve, Part number SS(B)-?MG*, SS(B)-?MA*
Orifice: 0.056"
Cv: 0.03 (at 9 turn full open)
double pattern, dual handle
Cv: 0.026 ( at 9 turn full open)
21/22 series metering valve, Part number: -21???-, -22???-,
Orifice: 0.02"
Cv: 0.007 (at 8 turn full open)
[STRIKE]Swagelok O series needle valve, soft seat stem. Part number SS(B)-OR*[/STRIKE]
Orifice: 0.08"
Cv: 0.09 (at 8 turn full open)

Parker Hannifin
(Bronkhorst)HR series high precision metering valve, there are 7 models, mark number from 0 to 6.
Stem type 0, Part number: -H0?---
Orifice:N/A
Cv: 0.0004 (at 15 turn full open)
Stem type 1, Part number: -H1?---
Orifice:N/A
Cv: 0.007 (at 15 turn full open)
Stem type 2, Part number: -H2?---
Orifice:N/A
Cv: 0.014 (at 15 turn full open)
Stem type 3, Part number: -H3?---
Orifice:N/A
Cv: 0.021 (at 15 turn full open)
Stem type 4, Part number: -H4?---
Orifice:N/A
Cv: 0.032 (at 15 turn full open)
Stem type 5, Part number: -H5?---
Orifice:N/A
Cv: 0.049 (at 15 turn full open)

Parker NS and NM series metering valve
NS series, Part number -NS?---
Orifice: N/A
Cv: 0.042 (at 14 turn full open)
NM series, Part number -NM?----*
Orifice: N/A
Cv: 0.055 (at 14 turn full open)

Porter/parker Flowmeter
With NR series flow control valve (0,1,2,3) or low flow (Normal) needle valve
low flow tube number:
F65/65 flowmeter a-125-3 ; a-125-5.
F150/150 flowmeter b-125-6; b-125-10 ; b-125-20.
[STRIKE]Flowmeter scale/air to co2 flow rate conversion charts are available on official website.[/STRIKE]
Flowmeter tube calibration data available but they are hidden on official website

Hoke
Micromite 1600 series metering valve.
Orifice: 0.031"
Cv: 0.0008 (at 18 turn full open)
Millimite 1300 series metering vale, 1 degree angle stem.
Orifice: 0.047"
Cv: 0.011 ( at 18 turn full open)
Millimite 1300 series metering vale, 3 degree angle stem.
Orifice: 0.047"
Cv: 0.024 ( at 18 turn full open)
[STRIKE]Hoke 2300 series metering valve[/STRIKE], 1 degree angle stem
Orifice: 0.062"
Cv: 0.01 (at 20 turn full open )

Brooks instrument
Low flow NRS needle control valve, Model 8503, 8504, 8513, 8514.
8503, angle pattern, normal handle
8504, straight(inline) pattern, normal handle
8513, angle pattern, digital handle
8514, straight(inline) pattern, digital handle
stem type Cv.
type 6, CV: 0.052
type 5, CV: 0.017
type 4, CV: 0.0057
type 3, CV: 0.0013
type 2, CV: 0.00066
type 1, CV: 0.00029
These valves are also found on Brooks Sho-rate and OMEGA flowmeters.
Brooks Sho-rate 1350/1355 flowmeter low flow glass tube model number:
R-2-65-A, R-2-65-B (1350)
R-2-15-AAAA, R-2-15-AAA, R-2-15-AA [STRIKE]R-2-15-D[/STRIKE] (1355)
[STRIKE]Flowmeter scale/air to co2 flow rate conversion charts are available on official website.
[/STRIKE]Flowmeter tube calibration data not available on Brooks official website
--Brooks pressure flow control valves model 8744, 8944, 8844 and some others, are combined with NRS valves as well.

Key instruments
(Now belongs to Brooks instruments)
Key instruments CVP valves (precision control valves)
8 models, model 1,2,3 are really good for low flow control
key instruments flowmeters:
Model GR/GD, low flow tube number 1G01, 1G02, and 6G01, 6G02.
(New version of GR/GD are Brooks 1250/1255 flowmeters, low flow tube number D6011, D6021, D6023,/ D1021, D1022)
GS series, low flow tube number GS101*,GS102*.
Flowmeter tube calibration data not available on Brooks official website

Aalborg/Dakota High precision metering needle valve
there are 6 models of this valve, model 1, 2, 3 are ok for low flow control.
These valves are often found on
aalborg/cole palmer/gilmont 150mm and 65mm flowmeters.
low flow Glass tube models for flow meter: 032 tube, 042 tube, and 052 tube with glass floating ball.
[STRIKE]Flowmeter scale/air to co2 flow rate conversion charts are available on official website.[/STRIKE]
Flowmeter tubes calibration data not available on Aalborg/cole palmer official website

Matheson
4170 precision metering valve, High Accuracy
There are 6 models, model 1, 2, 3 are ok for low flow control.
These valves are often found on matheson flowmeters.
FM1050 flowmeter, low flow glass tube models number: 610A(E910), 600(E100), 601(E200).
Flowmeter scale/air to co2 flow rate conversion charts are available on official website.

Dywer flow meter
Series DR Glass flowmeter(same as Matheson FM1050/FM1000)
Series VA Glass flowmeter(same as Aalborg/Cole Palmer 150mm and 65mm flowmeter)
Series RMA polycarbonate flowmeter, model RMA-151, RMA-150


Bellow are some more other good valves, rare or exotic.

Ham-Let metering valve
HXF1300 series metering valve, 1 degree stem angle, Part number HXF13??--
Orifice: 0.03"
Cv: 0.004 (at 11 turn full open)
HF1300 series metering valve, 3 degree stem angle, Part number HF13??--
Orifice: 0.055"
Cv: 0.03 (at 11 turn full open)

Fujikin metering valve , made in Japan
PUN series metering valve, made in Japan
Orifice: N/AMM
Cv: 0.004 (at 10 turn full open)
UN/DUN series
Orifice: 1.5MM
Cv: 0.015 (at 14 turn full open)
UN series metering valve, L mark on top of the vernier handle, made in Japan
Orifice: 1.8MM
Cv: 0.03 (at 14 turn full open)

Mott porous metal flow restrictor
Some models of the Mott flow restrictors provide co2 flow rate good for planted aquarium, specific detail please check official website(Mott Corp.)

Porter(parker)
VCD-1000 pressure flow controller
(hewlett packard HP19362)

Kofloc/kojima precision needle valve,
2412 series, 2203/2204 pressure flow controller

Vogtlin High Precision flow control valve,
M-flow micro flow valve, Made in Germany

Witt Gas,
high precision metering valve.

Chell Ultra-Fine Mechanism Needle Valve, Made in UK
Also name Negretti, or Meggitt

Vacoa/Vici/condyne valve


Please let me know if you see any other metering valves that not here and can be used in our DIY CO2 pressurized system.

Image
 
#2 ·
Is there such a thing as a 0-10V DC control regulator? Maybe something that would effectively be a third stage (so you can't go above your second stage limit), to let you do variable output, controlled by an Apex or similar?
 
#4 ·
there are different methods to regulate the co2 flow rate, but for planted aquarium, especially for the small to medium size aquariums, a flow control device that can put out a constant and a manageable 10 sccm flow rate, is a huge plus.

normally we are injecting CO2 at 10-20 sccm(Atmosphere volume) flow rate.
 
#5 ·
It is just a theoretical question since 0-10V control options are available for powerheads and such.
 
#6 ·
fellow planted tank hobbyists, don't just look, if you have found any good one base on the info provided here, sound out.

After I did the research a while ago, I gathered at least one of each of most flow control valves models here, still need time to test them.

Some of the rare brands/models, I still don't have any luck to locate them, need your help if you are that luck person, please post a picture and your experience applying the rare brand/models metering valve in the co2 system.
:)
 
#8 ·
For someone who was interested in this topic but isnt a co2 accessory nerd, I have no idea how to make this info useful to me.

Is any of this better or will male my aquascaping life easier than my jardli regulator with one big and one small knob with a bubble counter?
 
#9 ·
Yes, this can be good info but it can also be a bit misleading as there are some things assumed which many will not find true on their tanks. One point is the assumed back pressure which will not be found on tanks using reactors.
For your question, it sounds like you have two knobs and one is to set the output pressure from the reg and the other may be a form of needle valve to adjust the flow. Many ready made sets don't come with a very high quality needle valve and many do want more control.
What makes a good needle valve can be used to judge a CO2 set, just by looking. Many cheap valves are short, while the better needle valve will have a longer, more finely machined and tapered needle. They can be somewhat like sticking your finger in a hole to control the flow. It kinda/sorta works but it lacks the real precision of a long finely tapered needle in a precise hole and moved on very fine threads. So if you have a short stubby valve and the machining looks like a couple monkeys did the work, it may not work as well as you want as you get further into the game. We do tend to get more particular as we move along. :wink2:
 
#12 ·
H3L is definitely a beast. I bought a bunch many years ago when they were on sale for $8 each.

Slowly gave them to friends/other hobbyists over the years, but still have a few left for myself :)
 
#19 ·
Any one wants to DIY a two stage co2 system, right now there are some swagelok S series metering valve SS-SS4-VH, vernier handle version, available on evil bay.
The same metering valve is at upper right in above picture.

Evil bay item number : 324555777352
 
#26 ·
So, like one of the posted comments above, I am just learning about Co2 systems, and would like to take a step back. What does a metering valve do? I have a stock Co2Art Elite system as shown below, with the needle valve circled.
It is just a knob and the amount that I have to turn it to dial my bubble rate is so incredibly tiny, that I can’t really “fine tune” it as I would like. It is usually not enough or too much.
These metering valves you have pictured have dials with numbers - does that mean they can be adjusted more precisely? Do they sort of ‘click’ on each number or is it still very minute turns that are hard to not go too much? (hope I’m making myself clear). Can I simply unscrew my current needle valve and replace it with one of the metering valves, if I chose to do so?
Thanks for your help.
 

Attachments

#27 ·
It does the same thing your current needle valve does, just with greater precision. Because that co2art model has the solenoid and valve manifolds integrated like it does, it's not as simple as swapping out valves. You could replace that whole 'post-body' section (solenoid and valve/bubble counter) with a different solenoid and valve. I actually have a co2art regulator i have done that for:

1028071


There's a new solenoid (blue arrow), then a flow meter with a high precision, low flow metering valve (red arrow), and a cheap back-pressure needle valve (green arrow). The benefit of this is that it's outrageously precise and stable. That flow meter has a 150mm scale, and every day - without fail - the float is sitting at 85mm.

Sounds like you have a small tank, so a flow meter may not be appropriate, but a new solenoid/valve/bubble counter could get you rock-steady co2 flow rates.
 
#30 ·
Ah, I meant that the amount that I need to turn the needle valve knob is tiny - I barely touch it and it will increase the bubbles tenfold. That is what I call too sensitive. I’m looking for a valve that I can turn to the next number or line and have the bubble rate go up only a small amount so I can increase my rate in smaller increments.

Is this what a metering valve does?

My rate now is already way more bbs than I can count but am only getting slightly less than a 1 pt drop in pH.
 
#31 ·
Ah, I meant that the amount that I need to turn the needle valve knob is tiny - I barely touch it and it will increase the bubbles tenfold. That is what I call too sensitive. I’m looking for a valve that I can turn to the next number or line and have the bubble rate go up only a small amount so I can increase my rate in smaller increments.

Is this what a metering valve does?

My rate now is already way more bbs than I can count but am only getting slightly less than a 1 pt drop in pH.
I see. yes, a precision metering valve will give you more turns per unit change in flow (there are probably more appropriate technical terms that i'm not using).
 
#39 ·
Anyone have experience with Dakota Instruments valves? I see it listed in the OP, but curious if anyone has tried them. Seems like it could be a good option for someone wanting an off-the-shelf solution.

Cv = 0.0008 at 16 turns full open (200ccm air max) for $91 (brass) or $151 (stainless).

 
#44 ·
valve cartridges are the same standard between these valves, :)

for AAlborg, cole, or sometimes Omega with high resolution valve, they are cheap because liquidated or used flowmeters are low price, but you can find the retail price from official website, they are the same spec and higher price than Dakota.
I think these business groups are owned by the same corporation, ...
 
#46 ·
valve cartridges are the same standard between these valves, :)

for AAlborg, cole, or sometimes Omega with high resolution valve, they are cheap because liquidated or used flowmeters are low price, but you can find the retail price from official website, they are the same spec and higher price than Dakota.
I think these business groups are owned by the same corporation, ...
My opinion aalborg is the primary manuf. Rest just rebrand .. Cole for sure.

But not important..
 
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#48 ·
I'm exercising some self control and not just buying all the valves, but if anyone is in need at the moment, there's a Swagelok ss-ss2 double pattern on e bay right now for around $65 shipped. That's this guy (with 1/8" tube fittings) from the OP:

Swagelok precision metering valve,
S series high precision metering valve, Part number SS(B)-SS* , SS(B)-SM*
Orifice: 0.032"
Cv: 0.004 (at 10 turn full open)
double pattern, dual handles
Cv: 0.001 ( at 10 turn full open)
 
#49 ·
I think the swagelok S series double pattern is more than $500 retail.
have a couple of them as samples, very high precision and extremely low flow control but I am not a big fan of this valve because it is difficult to put it on our co2 system and look good, :)
 
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