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Maybe a few thoughts on the basics of filtering will add some light? I think of filtering needs as mechanical to strain the water to keep it looking clean. Basic filter floss, sponge, etc. is pretty easy to understand. Then we want a home for the good bacteria to grow in large numbers and that is all bio-filtering means. once up and running well we find bacteria living on all surfaces and might even go so far as saying we would not need bio-filtering but that is pressing the luck and I don't do that.
Can we assume you are up on the "nitrogen cycle"? If not, do it now as that is the major first step to understanding the tank and filter. That's my standard setup as chemical is not one I find needed in most cases. Carbon is the most common and it does do a good job of removing smells, colors or meds that we may want removed but the big point is that we don't have any of those if we collect the debris (mech?) and bacteria converts it to nitrate which we remove with water changes. So I don't normally deal with carbon (chemical?) as it is too messy and doesn't stay useful long enough as those tiny little holes get stopped up way too soon. So when I get a filter that has carbon, I just lay it back in case I do need it sometime.
Can we assume you are up on the "nitrogen cycle"? If not, do it now as that is the major first step to understanding the tank and filter. That's my standard setup as chemical is not one I find needed in most cases. Carbon is the most common and it does do a good job of removing smells, colors or meds that we may want removed but the big point is that we don't have any of those if we collect the debris (mech?) and bacteria converts it to nitrate which we remove with water changes. So I don't normally deal with carbon (chemical?) as it is too messy and doesn't stay useful long enough as those tiny little holes get stopped up way too soon. So when I get a filter that has carbon, I just lay it back in case I do need it sometime.