Kinda Success
One of my betta 'community' tank is a 2g cookie jar with a very mello delta tail male betta (he's NEVER flared in his life) and a few cherry shrimp. He's eaten shrimplets (as the population has not really grown, but I've seen babies in the past) but doesn't aggressively hunt the adults, though he will follow them if they do the darty backwards swim-more curious about the sudden movement than thinking 'food' from the way he acts. Been going for 1.5..2 years?
Fails
I kept 1 male double tail halfmoon betta in a 20g long densely planted community tank for a few months until I set him up a separate solo tank. Not the best combination but I had him in with white cloud mountain minnows.. they're not really comparable temperature wise but I split the difference at about 74F tank temp while the betta was in with them. This was while the white clouds were still adolescent/juvies.
During his time in the tank the betta stayed on the calm side of the tank away from the filter. He had no issues eating his own food and ignoring the white clouds meal (betta's food was usually better) unless he finished early/I fed white clouds later than him then he's steal a bit of theirs. He did not bother the white clouds and they didn't seem to notice he was there.
I saw no issues until the white clouds got to sexual maturity, then they started going after the betta's fins. His fins were already looking rather rough because he liked to trim them himself to make it easier to swim, but I watched the white clouds nip him at feeding time several times and so I moved him. Took the heater out when he left the 20g and the white clouds got right to work making babies!
The betta now has a heated filtered 2.5g tank to himself on a windowsill with lucky bamboo, pothos, and philodendron sucking up nitrogen. He's quite happy but still keeps his caudal (tail) fin at plakat length =.=
I tried keeping large shrimp (ghost shrimp then amano) with an elephant ear halfmoon male betta in a well planted, cycled/aged 6g bowfront tank. This betta is very aggressive unlike my delta and killed the ghost shrimp I put in (I watched him guard and eat one of them (already dead) for an hour before removing it) within the first day. Waited a week and tried again with amano, same thing... well didn't feel like buying him a 'lobster dinner' each week so no shrimp for him! He also hunts all snails including trapdoor snails like MTS so I have to periodically add new snails to his tank to clean the diatoms before they become an escargot snack.
The thing is every betta is different in personality and that can change. I've spoken with a woman that had a betta in a continuity tank for over a year just fine then one day it started hunting the other fish and had to be removed. No changes in tank stock (flora or fauna) it just.. became uncompatible with others.
IMO its best to house them separate as a precaution or at least keep a spare tank and heater (and ideally filter) ready in case a betta needs removed from a community. If you keep long finned bettas you need to be mindful of the other fish stocked with them, as there are several nippy species like danio. Keeping the other species in larger groups helps, 6 is minimum school/shoal size but get 10-12 if you can without over stocking.
Bettas are delicate fish but awesome pets, like underwater puppies, and each have their own personality, so having a single betta in a tank is still a fun tank, hell I have 8 they're so addictive! All in their own planted tanks ^^